Valve replacement surgery is the implantation of a prosthetic valve to replace a damaged or defective heart valve.
The heart has four valves: aortic, mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary. These valves are responsible for controlling the flow of blood through the heart’s chambers. Stenosis, a narrowing of a valve, and regurgitation, a failure of a valve to close properly, are both diseases that can disrupt circulation and put strain on the heart. Valve replacement surgery may help improve heart function and restore normal blood flow.
Valve replacement surgery in India is performed through an open-heart or minimally invasive approach, depending on the patient’s condition, general health, and the damaged valve. Following an expert evaluation, therapeutic decisions are made on an individual basis.
Valve replacement surgeries are commonly recommended in the following scenarios:
Stenosis: A heart valve may need to be replaced if it has become too narrow due to calcification, congenital defects, or rheumatic heart disease. This condition is referred to as stenosis. Patients may feel symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or even fainting as a result of the blood flow restriction caused by severe stenosis.
Regurgitation: Regurgitation of the valve is one example of this condition, which occurs when the valve does not fully close, allowing blood to flow in the opposite direction. Chronic regurgitation, if left untreated, can cause cardiac hypertrophy and, eventually, heart failure.
Infective Endocarditis: This condition can affect the valve structure and function. If medical therapy alone does not restore valve function, valve replacement may be necessary if the valve has been severely damaged as a result of infection.
Congenital Heart Problems: Certain people are born with faulty valves that gradually degenerate over time, needing surgical replacement to sustain the cardiac output at an acceptable level. The individuals in question have been diagnosed with congenital cardiac valve anomalies.
Valve replacement surgery is considered the best treatment option for various types of heart valve diseases:
Mechanical Valve Replacement: Mechanical valves are made of a variety of materials, including carbon and titanium. These valves are long-lasting; this procedure is often combined with lifelong anti-coagulation therapy to bring down the risk of blood clots.
Biological (Tissue) Valve Replacement: Replacement valves made from human or animal tissue are known as biological valve replacements, or tissue valves. In most situations, they do not require long-term anticoagulant treatment; nonetheless, they can wear out and need to be replaced.
Open-heart Valve Replacement: The open-heart valve replacement surgery is the most common way of replacing a heart valve. This treatment involves opening the chest and briefly stopping the heart with the help of a heart-lung machine. It is now possible to have direct access to the valve, which is ideal for usage in extremely challenging scenarios.
Minimally Invasive Valve Replacement: This procedure involves smaller incisions, which may reduce the length of time required for healing as well as the level of discomfort felt following surgery.
Transcatheter Valve Replacement: Transcatheter valve replacement is a treatment that replaces valves using catheters. This surgery involves replacing valves without opening the chest. The type of valve used, the patient’s anatomy, and their overall risk profile all influence the treatment decision.
Those with Severe Symptoms: Anyone who experiences severe dyspnea, chest pain, or frequent fainting as a result of valve dysfunction may require surgical surgery.
Those with Progressive Valve Dysfunction: Even in the absence of substantial symptoms, imaging scans that show deterioration in valve performance may indicate that the valve should be replaced rather than fixed.
Those with Heart Failure Risk: When dysfunctional valves begin to obstruct the heart’s function, it may be necessary to replace them. This is due to the risk of cardiac failure.
Those with Alarming Anatomical Findings: It is conceivable that early surgical intervention might help avoid issues caused by specific valve anomalies detected during the inspection.
Valve diseases are commonly diagnosed using the following methods:
Clinical Assessment: Cardiologists assess the patient’s symptoms and medical history, as well as physical indicators such as heart murmurs.
Echocardiography: Echocardiography is the most often used imaging method for assessing the structure and function of the valves.
Chest X-ray: An X-ray of the chest and an ECG are two approaches for determining heart size and rhythm.
Imaging Tests: More sophisticated imaging methods, such as cardiac CT or MRI, can be used to undertake a more detailed investigation of the anatomy.
Cardiac Catheterization: Prior to the valve replacement surgery, a cardiac catheterization is conducted to evaluate the coronary arteries and record their pressures. This strategy is only useful in certain situations.
As a leading heart hospital in India, HCG Hospitals has a rigorous and multidisciplinary method for valve replacement. Following a thorough preoperative evaluation, the surgical team will select the most appropriate method for the patient, taking into account the clinical outcomes.
Critical care teams, anesthesiologists, and heart surgeons with extensive experience attend treatments performed in cutting-edge cardiac operating theaters.
Postoperative care comprises monitoring in a cardiopulmonary critical care unit, followed by supportive care and rehabilitative supervision when the patient becomes ready.
Patient safety, infection control, and the coordination of rehabilitation programs are all given top priority.
A valve replacement cost in India generally ranges around ₹2,40,000 to ₹7,50,000. Some hospitals charge separately for surgery and the prosthetic valve.
A variety of factors determine the cost of valve replacement in India, including the kind of valve, surgical approach, hospital facilities, and duration of medical stay. Prices for mechanical and biological valves vary greatly, as do pricing schemes for minimally invasive and transcatheter surgical treatments.
When compared to many other countries, India is known for being able to deliver heart valve replacement at a reduced cost while maintaining clinical standards. When customers seek specific cost estimates, it is strongly advised that they confer with the personnel of the hospital that offers care.
As the best hospital for valve replacement surgery in India, HCG Hospitals combines clinical skill with cutting-edge technological infrastructure to provide comprehensive cardiac care. This is one of the most significant benefits, with the availability of skilled cardiac teams, advanced diagnostic and surgical facilities, and coordinated postoperative care.
The key areas of emphasis are evidence-based therapeutic planning, patient safety, and open and honest communication. To preserve its position as the leading hospital for valve replacement for a large number of patients, HCG Hospitals prioritizes tailored treatment programs and collaboration among doctors from many professions.
If you have been diagnosed with a heart murmur or valve abnormalities, or if you have had unexplained episodes of fainting, chest tightness, exhaustion, or shortness of breath, you should consult a heart valve specialist. Conducting an early review may be advantageous for timely management.
Some valve replacements can be performed via minimally invasive or transcatheter methods, eliminating the need for open-heart surgery. A doctor must examine the kind of valve, the severity of the illness, and the patient’s overall health before determining whether or not the patient is eligible for the treatment.
Medical Disclaimer: This information is intended to educate patients and caregivers. It does not replace professional medical advice. All treatment decisions should be made in consultation with a qualified cardiologist.
(Prof.) Dr. Narendra Hiregoudar
Consultant Interventional Cardiology
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