Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by spontaneous seizures. Seizures are triggered by sudden and unusual electrical activity in the brain.
An individual is considered to have epilepsy if they experience two or more unprovoked seizures at separate times and not triggered by a reversible condition.
Epilepsy can affect anyone, and the severity of seizures and their response to treatment can vary. If a person receives the proper medical care, they can usually permanently control their seizures.
To ensure a precise diagnosis and safe treatment, consult an experienced seizure specialist in India.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate in a specific area of the brain. Depending on whatever area of the brain is injured, symptoms may include changes in feeling, uncontrollable movements, or altered awareness.
Generalized Seizures
In patients with generalized seizures, abnormal electrical activity is seen in both hemispheres of the brain, and therefore, patients experience convulsions throughout the body.
These can cause patients to lose consciousness, have stiff muscles, move jerkily, or have brief intervals of being unaware of what is happening.
To determine the optimal treatment for a seizure disorder, it is necessary to determine if the seizures are localized or widespread.
Seizures’ symptoms vary depending on the type and the individual’s health. In some cases, patients experience auras before seizures.
Seizures are not always predictable, and they might occur unexpectedly.
Epilepsy can have either known or unknown causes. The following are known causes and risk factors:
Even after a comprehensive inquiry, there is rarely a single cause identified in most cases.
To accurately diagnose epilepsy or seizure disorders, clinical expertise and specialized testing are required. The following are examples of common testing tools.
EEG Test for Epilepsy: An electroencephalogram (EEG) measures electrical activity in the brain and can assist in detecting abnormal patterns, such as those found in seizures.
MRI of the Brain: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect structural issues in the brain that could lead to seizures.
Checking the Blood: Blood testing can detect issues with infections, genes, or metabolism that may be causing seizures.
Always have a trained neurologist or epilepsy expert make the diagnosis.
Treatment for epilepsy is determined by the type of seizure, what triggered it, the patient’s age, and overall health. The primary goal is to achieve long-term seizure control while minimizing side effects.
The following are the different epilepsy and seizure disorder treatment options:
Medicines (AEDs)
Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are the most common treatment for epilepsy. These medications help in reducing seizure frequency and severity.
Medication selection depends on:
Medication adjustments should only be done under medical supervision.
Lifestyle & Triggers
Lifestyle management plays an important supportive role in epilepsy care. Common seizure triggers may include:
Identifying and avoiding personal triggers can help improve seizure control.
Emergency seizure care
Immediate medical assistance is necessary if:
Status Epilepticus Emergency Protocol
Status epilepticus is a medical condition characterized by seizures that last for an extended period of time or occur repeatedly with no time to recover.
High-level emergency management includes all of the following:
This condition requires urgent treatment in a well-equipped medical facility.
Long-Term Epilepsy Management Plan
Long-term management of seizures may include:
Many people can live independent and productive lives with the assistance of a well-thought-out care plan.
HCG Hospitals provides the best epilepsy treatment in India, and the care here is centered on:
HCG hospitals prioritize safety, accuracy, and long-term brain care.
Epilepsy is a chronic disorder characterized by frequent, spontaneous seizures. A single seizure is not always indicative of epilepsy, as it could be caused by a fever or an imbalance in the body’s metabolism.
There’s a distinction between focal and generalized seizures. Focal seizures originate in a specific section of the brain, such as the frontal lobe. Treatments and symptoms differ for each type.
Some patients experience unusual scents, clouded vision, anxiousness, or dizziness prior to a seizure. These warning indicators vary and don’t always appear.
The diagnosis includes a review of the patient’s medical history, a neurological exam, EEG testing, brain imaging (such as an MRI), and any appropriate lab work.
Anti-epileptic medications are frequently utilized as part of a patient-specific therapy regimen. Many patients benefit from specialized care to permanently control their seizures, but each individual requires a unique treatment plan.
Disclaimer: This information is intended to educate patients and caregivers. It does not replace professional medical advice. All treatment decisions should be made in consultation with a qualified doctor.
(Prof.) Dr. Narendra Hiregoudar
Consultant Interventional Cardiology
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