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HCG Hospitals is one of the leading urology hospitals in India. We, at HCG, have some of the highly experienced urologists in India as part of our expert team, who specialise in treating diseases of the urinary system and the male reproductive system, such as kidney stones and prostate.
Kidney Stone Management
Prostate Treatments
Bladder Treatments
Urinary Incontinence Treatments
Urological Cancer Treatments
Pediatric Urology Services
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Male Infertility and Erectile Dysfunction
24/7 Uro-Care
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Urinary Incontinence
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HCG Hospitals are the best urology hospitals in India because of their state-of-the-art equipment, experienced staff, and individualised therapy. Our expert team here specialises in dealing with renal calculi, enlarged prostate glands, infections of the urinary system, as well as complicated urological diseases that require keyhole and robot-aided operations. HCG Hospitals has the top urologists in India who guarantee accuracy, quick healing, and excellent results. Because of their focus on patients and dedication to new ideas, they are relied upon for urological treatment.
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Have you ever had the feeling that you cannot swallow food? Is it difficult for you to swallow water or even your saliva? If your answer is yes, then you may have dysphagia, which is a medical term for difficulty in swallowing.
Most Indians pay no attention to such signs and believe they will disappear with time. But if the problem keeps coming back, it could be serious.
We swallow effortlessly daily. Nevertheless, experiencing challenges may hamper one’s ability to eat and drink well; it may also pose a risk to one’s overall health.
Ignoring what appears to be an insignificant matter may lead to serious health problems. Visiting a good multispeciality hospital in India or an ENT hospital in India is the key to receiving the right care for dysphagia and preventing various complications caused by it.
This blog will help you understand various aspects of dysphagia, its causes, symptoms, treatment, and prevention.
Dysphagia is the term used to describe swallowing problems, which may be caused by issues related to peristalsis (movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract) near the esophagus.
There are various other reasons for difficulty in swallowing, including inflammatory conditions, esophageal reflux issues, tumour growth, and neurological conditions.
Dysphagia is not classified among illnesses; rather, it occurs as a sign of an illness. Although swallowing appears easy, it comprises the coordination of more than 30 muscles and nerves.
There are two main types of dysphagia:
|
Type |
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia |
Esophageal Dysphagia |
|
Area Affected |
Mouth and throat |
Esophagus |
|
Main Issue |
Trouble starting to swallow |
Food feels stuck after swallowing |
|
Common Causes |
Stroke, Parkinson’s, etc. |
GERD, strictures, achalasia, etc. |
|
Symptoms |
Coughing, choking, and nasal regurgitation |
Chest pain, food sticking, and regurgitation |
|
Diagnosis |
Swallow tests (FEES, video fluoroscopy) |
Endoscopy and barium swallow |
Healthy individuals may sometimes experience trouble swallowing, particularly if they eat fast. However, if symptoms are persistent, it is advisable to consult a physician, preferably at a reputable ENT hospital in India.
Dysphagia is a common issue in India, particularly among older individuals.
A report from the Journal of the Indian Speech, Language & Hearing Association suggests that the prevalence of dysphagia stands at 20% among the general population. However, among individuals aged 60 and above, the prevalence stands between 50% and 66%.
Also, this condition is more prevalent in women than in men.
The symptoms of dysphagia experienced can vary depending on the underlying cause and its severity. The following are the commonly observed dysphagia symptoms:
The symptoms can be mild or severe.
If they do not go away with time or medication, they should not be taken lightly. An ENT specialist in India can help identify the cause.
The reasons behind difficulty in swallowing can vary, ranging from minor to major health problems. The following are the different causes of dysphagia:
The reasons indicate the significance of consulting a specialist. Many multispeciality hospitals in India have modern tests for determining the problem precisely.
Certain people are more likely to develop swallowing difficulties:
Understanding the risk helps in early identification and intervention.
Doctors use several examinations to identify difficulties in swallowing:
All these tests are available at leading ENT hospitals in India that also have highly experienced teams of specialists who can treat and manage difficulties associated with swallowing.
Fortunately, dysphagia is curable in many instances. The appropriate cure relies on how serious it is and what caused it.
Experienced therapists help patients with muscle control and swallowing coordination problems. It works best when dealing with diseases of the nervous system.
Doctors employ a balloon or similar tool for the safe expansion of a constricted food pipe.
This is necessary in case of tumours, strictures, or anatomical problems. In very serious situations, surgery may be used to eliminate obstructions or place feeding tubes.
Patients who cannot swallow well are given a tube for feeding so that they do not choke on food and to provide them with enough nourishment.
It is not possible to prevent dysphagia all the time, especially if it is caused by neurological disorders or cancer. However, a few easy practices may lower your risk:
Failure to address swallowing problems may result in severe problems:
Therefore, immediate care by experienced doctors at a multispeciality hospital in India is essential.
Dysphagia, which is often a sign of an underlying problem, has effects on general health, mood, and social life. Regardless of whether it is mild or severe, dysphagia must always be taken seriously. However, thanks to today’s medical advancements, almost all situations can be managed or even cured.
If you or someone you care about cannot swallow properly for a long time, visit a trusted hospital in India or a reputed multispecialty hospital for guidance. Identifying the problem at an early stage, giving appropriate medication, and being a little calm will enable you to regain your initial state of eating, drinking, and living well.
What if a little swelling in your neck region turned out to be life-threatening?
What if a small ulcer in your mouth that never healed was a sign of oral cancer?
Although oral cancer can often be easily identified through visual and physical exams, it is still frequently diagnosed at advanced stages.
Globocan 2022 reports state that oral cancer is the second most common cancer in India and the most common cancer among Indian men. Oral cancer contributes to approximately 39% of total oral cancer cases across the world.
India recorded 143,759 cases of oral cancer and 79,979 deaths due to oral cancer during the year 2022.
In many instances, people have a sore, a small white spot, or a swelling in their mouth that appears harmless. These are often the signs of early-stage oral cancers, which can be treated successfully with personalized treatment and support.
In such cases, one must see an ENT specialist for oral cancer screening and then visit an oral cancer specialist if the physical examination indicates the presence of oral cancer.
In this blog, you will learn about oral cancer symptoms, causes, and treatment in the leading multispecialty hospitals in India. Treatment is possible and curable if detected in time.
Oral cancer refers to cancerous growth in the mouth or oral cavity, including:
Usually, the sickness starts with a non-healing sore. As time goes by, it might increase and affect the surrounding tissues or lymph nodes. The common form of mouth cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, which originates in the mouth and throat lining, mostly consisting of flat and thin cells.
Oral cancer does not have a single cause. However, the combination of risk factors increases the chances of getting it.
Tobacco consumption, in both smoked and smokeless forms, can increase one’s oral cancer risk. In India, a large percentage of oral cancer cases are caused by smokeless tobacco, which includes tobacco, gutkha, khaini, or betel quid with areca nut, and are at high risk of oral cancer.
Drinking too much alcohol, along with smoking, can increase the chances of getting sick.
Oropharyngeal cancers are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), especially type 16.
Prolonged exposure to sunlight may heighten the chances of lip cancer.
Poorly fitting false teeth or jagged molars could cause chronic annoyance, increasing the chances of getting cancer.
Poor oral hygiene caused by not brushing the teeth properly, inadequate flossing, untreated tooth decay, etc., can increase the risk of oral cancer.
Having a positive family history of oral cancer and inheriting genetic conditions that are associated with increased oral cancer risk can make one more susceptible to oral cancer.
Early identification is important, but many symptoms are mistakenly dismissed as minor issues. Here are some things to look out for:
Stage 1 oral cancer symptoms are often more subtle. The key to early detection of oral cancer lies in paying attention to persistent oral symptoms and seeing a qualified ENT specialist in India for primary evaluation.
The first thing to do when you experience oral symptoms is to have a dentist or ENT specialist examine your mouth. Other examinations will be done if any abnormal sores or swellings are seen.
They take a small piece of tissue from the suspected area and examine it for cancer cells.
A tiny camera is employed for close examination of the interior of the mouth and throat.
Chronic HPV infection is an important risk factor for oral cancer. It can be used to determine the appropriate treatment for oropharyngeal tumours.
Prognosis is most favourable for early-stage oral cancer (Stage 1 or 2), which is detected early.
Learn more about cancer health packages here: Health Packages - Bhavnagar - HCG Hospitals
|
Stage |
Tumour Size & Spread |
Details / Symptoms |
|
Stage 1 |
Tumour is ≤2 cm. No lymph node involvement |
A little wound or blister that might ache a bit and become bigger; most times, it does not hurt |
|
Stage 2 |
Tumour size is 2–4 cm, spread to lymph nodes |
Visible growth or persistent soreness, which may cause pain or difficulty chewing |
|
Stage 3 |
Tumour is >4 cm and may have spread to one nearby lymph node (on the same side) |
Noticeable swelling or lump, pain while swallowing, and possible speech or eating difficulty |
|
Stage 4 |
Cancer has spread to deeper tissues, multiple lymph nodes, or distant organs (e.g., lungs) |
Severe pain, facial swelling or numbness, difficulty speaking or eating, and weight loss and fatigue |
It is easier to find and cure stage 1 oral cancer, which also has a positive outlook and requires minor medical procedures.
Treatment planning for oral cancer depends on its location, stage, and the patient’s overall health.
HCG Hospitals is recognised as one of the best cancer hospitals in Bhavnagar. Equipped with all major cancer treatment facilities under one roof, it offers comprehensive care for different types of cancer.
Powerful radiation beams are used to destroy cancerous cells. It works very well when the cancer is still in its early stage or when used along with an operation.
Oral or intravenous anti-cancer medications are administered to kill cancer cells throughout the body. Chemotherapy for oral cancer is often combined with other treatments, like radiotherapy, to improve the treatment response.
Targeted therapy focuses on identifying specific cellular pathways and molecules that encourage cancer cells to multiply and targeting them to control cancer growth. The side effects are generally less severe compared to those of conventional chemotherapy.
Immunotherapy involves re-engineering the body's defense against cancer. Commonly employed for progressive or relapsed oral malignancies.
After treatment, patients may need the following support to seamlessly return to their routine life:
Recovery and quality of life depend on rehabilitation since treatment may affect how one talks, eats, or looks.
It is important to see an ENT specialist for oral cancer screening if you notice any of the following signs in your mouth:
Sometimes, just going to a dentist may help find it at an early stage. People should be careful and do everything on time because it can be fatal.
Having a healthy immune system is more important than you think.
Many know that it protects us against various infections. However, our immune system also plays a significant role in reducing the risk of cancer formation, promoting overall wellness, supporting the normal functioning of different organs in the body, and preventing the development of various autoimmune diseases.
In this article, we will learn about the different components of the immune system and, most importantly, understand the best approaches to enhance its functioning.
Our immune system comprises various components, including white blood cells, the thymus, the spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow.
It fights against various diseases by detecting foreign substances, reacting to them, or retaining memories of old infections, allowing for protection against them in the future.
Nevertheless, the functioning of this system may be affected by age, stress, poor diet, lack of exercise, and other diseases.
If a person gets sick often, has difficulty healing wounds, feels tired most of the time, and experiences chronic inflammation, then he or she may have a weak immune system. This suggests that the immune system not only prevents diseases but also regulates overall well-being.
Let’s explore some medically backed strategies that can help increase immunity naturally and sustainably:
Eating well keeps you from getting sick. Some types of food have vitamins that improve immunity, and they include:
Additionally, a fibre-rich diet promotes gut microbiota, which is essential for controlling immunological response.
Nutritionists often emphasise a whole-food diet over processed alternatives for immune support.
Physical activity aids in the movement of immune cells, blood flow, and the lowering of inflammation.
Research indicates that individuals who engage in moderate exercise frequently experience low illness rates and quicker recoveries.
Insufficient rest modifies immunity and reduces the synthesis of anti-infection cytokines. The Sleep Foundation states that poor sleep reduces the effectiveness of vaccines and increases susceptibility to viral infections.
Stress triggers the HPA axis, leading to increased cortisol and a weakened immune system. Long-term stress causes inflammation throughout the body, an unhealthy digestive system, and hormonal imbalances.
Practical ways to reduce stress:
Healthcare providers often integrate mental health support into immunity-enhancement programs, acknowledging the strong link between stress and physical well-being.
Hydration is essential for the flow of lymph, the carriage of food, and the removal of poisons from the body.
Smoking damages lung tissue and impairs immune cell function. Excessive alcohol weakens your ability to fight off infections and disrupts gut flora.
What you eat today determines your immune response tomorrow. Malnutrition is the leading cause of impaired immune system function globally.
Include:
Avoid:
Eating mindfully is one of the simplest ways to boost your immune system from within.
Supplements can play an important role in optimising immune system support, especially when dietary intake is insufficient. Some commonly recommended supplements include:
But supplements should not be taken blindly. Blood tests and medical consultation are essential. It is essential to consider routine tests for nutrient deficiencies before taking supplements to ensure safety and efficacy.
Maintaining strong immune health is a continuous journey. Research indicates that if you are careful about what you eat, exercise regularly, sleep enough, and handle stress well, then you will be able to increase immunity naturally, which will make you stronger in fighting against diseases of all kinds.
If you’re facing chronic fatigue, frequent infections, or simply want to stay ahead of seasonal illnesses, these immune health tips are your first line of defence. For advanced care and diagnostics, consulting with professionals at the HCG, the best multispecialty hospital in India, can help develop a customised wellness plan.
Start small, stay consistent, and prioritise your health, because a strong immune system protects more than just your body. It supports your freedom to live fully.
A healthy heart is the foundation of overall well-being, and nutrition plays a vital role in maintaining cardiovascular health.
Eating a balanced diet for heart health can decrease the chances of getting sick from heart problems and improve overall well-being.
Understanding which foods are good for heart health and which to avoid can significantly impact one's heart function and longevity.
For the heart to work properly, it needs certain essential nutrients.
Eating well can help manage high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol levels, and inflammation, which increase the risk of various heart diseases. Individuals who consume heart-healthy foods typically enjoy a well-functioning heart and a reduced risk of developing life-threatening heart conditions.
1. Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Omega-3 fatty acids are present in oily fish such as salmon and nuts like walnuts and flaxseeds. These fats can lower the chances of getting a heart attack by reducing inflammation.
Consuming omega-3 fatty acids can help one lower their triglyceride levels and ensure that the arteries are in good condition.
2. Fibre
Fibre is found in whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables. It aids in the reduction of cholesterol levels as well as controlling the level of sugar in the blood. More specifically, soluble fibre combines with cholesterol particles and removes them from the bloodstream.
3. Antioxidants
Berries, nuts, and dark chocolate contain antioxidants that lower oxidative stress and protect cardiac myocytes. They also promote good endothelial health and blood flow.
4. Potassium
Potassium is found in bananas, potatoes, and vegetables, and it helps control salt levels and blood pressure. Hypertension risk can be lowered by consuming low-potassium foods.
5. Magnesium
Nuts, seeds, and whole grains are rich in magnesium, which is necessary for the proper functioning of the heart and muscles. Not having enough magnesium in one's diet may cause a person to develop high blood pressure or arrhythmia.
6. Healthy Fats
Avocados, olive oil, and nuts provide monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, which help reduce bad cholesterol (LDL) while increasing good cholesterol (HDL).
Additional Reading: How to Prevent Heart Disease: Tips for a Stronger, Healthier Heart - HCG Hospitals
Several dietary patterns have been recognised for their positive impact on heart health. These diets emphasise heart-healthy foods and minimise processed and unhealthy options.
1. Mediterranean Diet
Rich in olive oil, whole grains, fish, fruits, and vegetables, the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of heart disease. It promotes healthy fats and lean protein sources, making it a top diet for heart health.
2. DASH Diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)
This diet aims at cutting down on salt consumption and increasing the intake of some specific minerals and fibrous foods. The diet insists on taking complex carbohydrates, low-fat proteins, and enough fruits and vegetables.
3. Plant-Based Diets
Vegan and vegetarian diets emphasise plant-derived foods, eliminating or minimising animal products. They are associated with decreased cholesterol levels as well as a lower chance of getting heart attacks.
While incorporating foods for heart health is essential, avoiding harmful foods is equally important.
1. Processed Foods
Unhealthy trans fats and too much salt are found in packaged snacks, fast food, and processed meats, which cause hypertension and heighten the chances of a heart attack.
2. Sugary Beverages and Foods
Eating too much sugar can lead to obesity and cause diabetes and inflammation, which are both dangerous because they can lead to heart attacks. Avoiding sodas, candies, and sugary cereals is crucial.
3. Excessive Salt
Eating too much salt causes high blood pressure, which in turn increases the chances of having a stroke or suffering from heart attacks. Reducing processed and restaurant-prepared foods can help maintain a healthy heart.
4. Unhealthy Fats
The unhealthy fats contained in fried foods, margarine, and some pastries cause blocked blood vessels and high blood cholesterol.
Hydration
Drinking adequate water supports proper circulation and reduces the risk of blood clot formation. Dehydration can strain the heart and lead to increased heart rate and blood pressure.
Portion Control
Overeating, even of healthy foods, can contribute to obesity and metabolic disorders. Portion control ensures balanced calorie intake, preventing excess weight gain and heart strain.
Neglecting proper nutrition can have severe consequences. A diet high in processed foods, unhealthy fats, and excess sugar can lead to conditions such as:
A well-balanced diet for heart health plays a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular well-being. Incorporating heart-healthy foods, avoiding harmful dietary choices, and practicing proper hydration and portion control can significantly lower the risk of heart disease.
Getting advice from a cardiologist or going to a well-known cardiology hospital in India may give you a special diet plan and modern treatment for heart problems. By making informed dietary choices, individuals can take proactive steps toward a healthier heart and a longer, more fulfilling life.
You may have come across hundreds of posts and videos on YouTube and other social media platforms explaining how iron deficiency can hamper normal body function and cause various complications.
Iron deficiency is a common condition among the Indian population, especially women. Menstruation, pregnancy, and certain lifestyle habits are key reasons for iron deficiency in women. In the early stages, this condition may not cause any symptoms. However, as the deficiency becomes severe, women may begin to experience various symptoms.
Hence, seeking care and promptly addressing this deficiency is crucial for maintaining optimum health.
In this blog, we’ll break down everything you need to know—from the early symptoms of iron deficiency to the best ways to treat and prevent it.
Iron is a vital mineral that allows oxygen to be transported into the blood. It is also a key component of haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen and transports it to the rest of the body from the lungs. Too little iron prevents the body from producing sufficient healthy red blood cells, leading to iron deficiency.
Causes of iron deficiency may include inadequate intake, poor absorption, or chronic blood loss. The body stores iron within muscles, bone marrow, and organs like the liver; however, these reserve supplies may also start to dwindle if demand for iron remains high with little in return.
If not treated, low levels of iron in women can worsen and lead to iron deficiency anaemia. This condition significantly impairs oxygen delivery to tissues, resulting in fatigue, shortness of breath, heart issues, cognitive issues, an increased susceptibility to infections, and pregnancy complications.
Many women dismiss the symptoms of iron deficiency as common fatigue or stress, but ignoring these warning signs can be dangerous. Here are the early signs of iron deficiency that women should pay close attention to:
Some women may also have mood changes, a foggy brain, and irritability. One must know how to identify various signs of iron deficiency and seek timely treatment to reduce the risk of serious complications.
Knowing why someone lacks iron is important for creating a unique way of helping them treat the problem. The following are the common causes of iron deficiency in women:
1. Menstruation
Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding is one of the leading causes of low iron levels in women. Each menstrual cycle can deplete iron, especially if not replenished through diet or supplements.
2. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
During pregnancy, the body’s iron requirement increases to support foetal growth, placental development, and increased blood volume. Iron is also passed to the baby through breast milk, further depleting maternal stores.
3. Dietary Deficiency
Women who follow a vegetarian, vegan, or restrictive diet may not get sufficient iron, as iron from plant-based sources (non-heme iron) is harder for the body to absorb.
4. Gastrointestinal Conditions
Issues like coeliac disease, Crohn’s disease, or gastric bypass surgery can impair the body’s ability to absorb iron efficiently.
5. Chronic Blood Loss
Conditions such as ulcers, polyps, or even frequent blood donation can lead to chronic blood (and iron) loss over time.
Understanding these causes helps in determining the right treatment strategy. Women who experience any combination of these symptoms should consider regular checkups at HCG, the best multispecialty hospital in India for preventive care.
Certain populations are at higher risk for iron deficiency. These include:
If you fall into any of these groups, regular screening for iron deficiency is essential to reduce the risk of various complications.
Early diagnosis is crucial for the effective management of iron deficiency. Fortunately, the diagnosis of iron deficiency in women is done through simple blood tests:
For accurate testing and expert care, you may visit a nearby hospital, which has experienced haematologists or general physicians who can help you receive proper care.
Fast & Effective Ways to Fix Iron Deficiency
Thankfully, there are many ways to correct low iron levels in women and regain optimal health. Your treatment may include:
1. Iron-Rich Diet
Consume foods high in heme iron (easier to absorb), such as:
For plant-based options:
Pair iron-rich meals with vitamin C (like citrus fruits or tomatoes) to enhance absorption of this mineral.
2. Iron Supplements
Iron pills or capsules are commonly recommended for a fast increase in iron levels.
Iron supplements should be taken with medical advice, as too much iron can lead to vomiting, constipation, and organ damage.
3. Intravenous (IV) Iron Therapy
IV iron infusions may be recommended in cases of moderate to severe iron deficiency.
IV iron therapy is administered under medical supervision, usually at advanced facilities.
At HCG Hospitals, one of the best multispeciality hospitals in India, we offer various treatment approaches, including IV iron therapy, for iron deficiency management.
4. Address Underlying Conditions
If your iron loss is due to menstrual cycles, gastrointestinal bleeding, or a chronic condition, managing the root cause is essential for long-term improvement.
Iron deficiency in women is a common but often underdiagnosed condition that can significantly affect energy, immunity, and daily functioning. Recognising the symptoms of iron deficiency early on allows for prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.
It is possible to replenish the iron levels through diet change, supplementation, and infusion therapy.
Contact the top multispecialty hospitals in India, like HCG Hospitals, for a precise diagnosis, individualised care, and continuing support.
We all have someone in our family with knee pain, back pain, or shoulder pain.
What begins as occasional discomfort gradually starts to impact day-to-day activities and hinder overall well-being. At times, this pain can be so debilitating that it can cause patients to become bedridden.
Pain medications may provide temporary relief for them; however, they are not a permanent solution.
So, what is the solution to this? Could focusing on improving bone health be the key to tackling this problem? Read more to find out.
Many studies suggest that Indians are predisposed to poor bone health, and there are multiple reasons for this. Vitamin D and calcium deficiency, smaller skeletal size, lifestyle factors, socioeconomic factors, increasing age, and lack of awareness can contribute to poor bone health and increased prevalence of various orthopaedic conditions among Indians.
Let’s explore the top 10 most common orthopaedic conditions, their symptoms, and available treatments.
The following are some of the most common orthopaedic problems in India. The prevalence may slightly vary among different age groups. The key to effectively managing these conditions lies in finding the right orthopaedic specialist who carefully evaluates the case and recommends individualised treatment approaches.
Osteoarthritis is one of the most common orthopaedic conditions, especially in older individuals. It develops when the cartilage in the joints wears out over time.
This condition results in pain, stiffness, and swelling. This condition is commonly seen in the joints of the knees, hips, and hands.
Treatment: Weight management, physiotherapy, pain medications, and joint replacement surgery when the above treatment fails.
This autoimmune bone and joint disorder causes inflammation of the lining of the joints, leading to pain and deformity in the joints. Unlike osteoarthritis, it can affect people of any age and usually impacts multiple joints.
Treatment: Anti-inflammatory medications, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and physical therapy.
Osteoporosis, a silent disease weakening bones and making them fragile, is prone to fractures. It mainly occurs in postmenopausal women and older adults.
Treatment: Calcium and vitamin D supplementation, lifestyle modification, drugs to improve bone density, and weight-bearing exercises.
Tendinitis is the inflammation or irritation of the tendons, thick fibrous cords attaching muscle to bone. Common sites include the shoulder (rotator cuff), the elbow (tennis elbow), and the heel (Achilles tendon).
Treatment: Rest, ice, anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroid injections, and physiotherapy.
This condition compresses the median nerve in the wrist, leading to numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand.
Treatment: Wrist splints, ergonomic adjustments, corticosteroid injections, or surgical release if symptoms persist.
Fractures, or broken bones, arise from trauma, falls, or weakened bones due to conditions such as osteoporosis.
Treatment: Ground immobilisation through various external devices, such as casts or braces; surgical stabilisation, including rods or plates; and a course of physical therapy.
Joint dislocations occur when bones are displaced from their normal position. Shoulders, fingers, elbows, and knees are commonly affected.
Treatment: Manual repositioning (reduction), immobilisation, pain relief, and rehabilitation exercises.
Bursitis refers to the inflammation of tiny, fluid-filled sacs known as bursae. These sac-like structures are distributed where there are close interactions, such as over joints - for instance, near the hips, knees, or elbows.
Treatment: Rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medication, physical therapy, and, in certain cases, aspiration of excess fluid.
Herniation of the disc occurs when the soft pad of tissue between the little bones of the spine pushes outward to press upon nearby nerves, causing pain in the neck or back.
Treatment: Pain medications, physical therapy, epidural steroid injections, and, in some cases, surgery.
ACL injuries are common in athletes and involve tearing one of the major ligaments in the knee. Symptoms include a popping sound, swelling, and instability.
Treatment: Rest, bracing, physical therapy, and surgery in cases of complete ligament rupture.
Treatments for common orthopaedic problems are recommended depending on severity, age, lifestyle, and associated comorbidities. Fortunately, experience in the orthopaedic treatment field has enabled better recovery and improved outcome success than ever before.
Here are some of the key treatment approaches:
Bone and joint disorders are treated with anti-inflammatory medications, painkillers, corticosteroids, and disease-modifying drugs (especially in arthritis and autoimmune disorders).
Physical therapy plays a pivotal role in joint and bone care. It restores strength, flexibility, and joint functions. Its principal application is in post-surgical or post-injury rehabilitation.
Procedures like arthroscopy, spine fusion, etc., allow surgeons to diagnose and treat orthopaedic conditions with smaller incisions, resulting in faster recovery and less pain.
In cases of advanced osteoarthritis, orthopaedic specialists often consider joint replacement surgery for joints of the hips and knees. This positively impacts the quality of life for patients.
Managing weight, staying active, practicing good posture, and taking appropriate supplements can help prevent or slow down many common orthopaedic problems.
Choosing the right orthopaedic specialist is essential for accurate and timely diagnosis and treatment. Choosing the best orthopaedic hospital is also equally important.
As a leading orthopaedic hospital in Bhavnagar, HCG Hospitals offers patient-centred care for various orthopaedic conditions. The hospital is equipped with modern diagnostic and treatment facilities and a team of highly experienced experts to create a seamless treatment experience for patients.
When selecting a hospital, consider factors such as:
Orthopaedic conditions can drastically affect one's quality of life, but early diagnosis and proper orthopaedic management can lead to recovery in most patients or, at least, reduce the severity of symptoms. Learning about different bone and joint disorders, their risk factors, symptoms, treatment options available, and their preventive measures is the first step toward maintaining optimum bone health.
In the case of bone-related symptoms such as pain and swelling, one must see an orthopaedic specialist for necessary care and support.
How to Strengthen Your Lungs Against Seasonal Airborne Infections
In India, people usually get sick with coughs, colds, fevers, and breathing issues during the change of seasons.
The risk of catching seasonal airborne infections is becoming higher lately, whether it is because of winter smog in Delhi or spring pollens in Bengaluru.
Airborne viruses and bacteria cause these infections. One sneeze in a packed bus or a cough in the market is enough for the germs to spread. Inhaling such particles into your lungs may cause anything from mild irritation to serious infections like bronchitis or pneumonia.
In addition to breathing, the lungs have the important function of safeguarding the optimum functioning of the body. With strength and good health, they can remove the waste, fight against diseases, and promote overall well-being.
Unfortunately, Indian cities regularly report PM2.5 levels far above WHO-recommended limits. Breathing in polluted air every day—especially during the winter months when smog blankets cities like Delhi, Lucknow, and Kanpur—puts a heavy load on your lungs.
In addition, the use of cigarettes (including secondhand smoke), indoor burning of incense and mosquito coils, and outdoor waste burning are some of the habits that make many Indians experience respiratory diseases, chronic coughs, or infections often.
This makes it vital for every Indian, especially those living in metro cities, to focus on strengthening their lungs, not just for better breathing but for better protection against seasonal airborne diseases.
Here are some of the most common infections that Indian residents face with the changing seasons:
Recognising symptoms early—such as persistent cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, or chest tightness—is key. Timely interventions can prevent complications.
Strengthening your lungs doesn’t require fancy equipment or expensive treatments. These proven, accessible methods work well and are easily incorporated into a typical Indian lifestyle:
India faces pollution issues year-round, not just during Diwali. Cities like Delhi NCR, Mumbai, and Kolkata, along with some Tier-2 cities, have high levels of PM10 and PM2.5 particles. These fine particles can be inhaled into the lungs and enter the bloodstream, posing serious health risks.
Protect yourself by:
If you live in an area with poor air quality or work in an industrial zone, regular lung checkups are highly recommended.
Your immune system is your body's security force, especially important for lung protection during high-risk seasons.
Here's how to strengthen immunity using common Indian practices:
At HCG Hospitals, one of the well-known multispecialty hospitals in India, we have packages for preventing diseases. Regular health checkups are essential for the elderly and patients suffering from illnesses such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and asthma, as they contain spirometry, immunisation counselling, and individual fitness schedule plans.
In a country as diverse—and often densely populated—as India, the risk of seasonal airborne infections is higher than in many parts of the world. But the solution lies not only in avoiding exposure but also in improving your lung health and immune system.
You can manage your breathing health completely by combining ancient Indian health practices such as pranayama, kadha, and a healthy diet with contemporary medical advice and regular preventive examinations.
If you or a family member frequently suffers from colds, breathlessness, or chest infections, don’t ignore the signs. Visit HCG, a reputed multispecialty hospital in India, for a detailed respiratory assessment and preventive care plan.
A kidney stone is a hard deposit of minerals & acid salts that forms in the kidney.
When high levels of calcium, oxalate, and uric acid in the urine crystallise, it leads to the development of uric acid stones.
Although tiny kidney stones can pass through the urinary tract with little or no pain, bigger ones may cause intense pain and discomfort.
Kidney stones are common and affect millions of people worldwide. They can vary in size, shape, and composition, with some being as small as a grain of sand and others growing to the size of a golf ball. If not treated, kidney stones can cause infections and harm the kidneys; therefore, timely kidney stone diagnosis and kidney stone treatment are crucial.
Anyone can get kidney stones, although some people are at higher risk. Their formation is influenced by various factors, including lifestyle, genetics, and underlying medical conditions, which play a significant role in their formation.
Understanding these factors can help in both early kidney stone diagnosis and preventive care, reducing the likelihood of recurrent kidney stones in susceptible individuals.
The size and position of kidney stones determine the signs. There are times when certain stones block the ureter and do not show any symptoms in the kidney, but this leads to intense pain as well as discomfort. Some common signs are:
Pain from kidney stones can come in waves and fluctuate in intensity, often making it difficult for individuals to find a comfortable position. The presence of stones may obstruct urine passage, thus predisposing the individual to other problems like UTI or hydronephrosis.
If you experience severe pain or other concerning symptoms, it is essential to seek medical attention promptly to prevent complications.
Several factors contribute to the formation of kidney stones. The primary causes of kidney stones include:
Lack of adequate water intake can lead to concentrated urine, increasing the risk of crystal formation and kidney stone development.
Certain foods can contribute to kidney stone formation, such as those high in oxalates (e.g., spinach, beets, nuts), excessive salt, and high-protein diets, especially non-vegetarian food substances.
A family history of kidney stones increases the likelihood of developing them.
Certain health conditions, including obesity, diabetes, and urinary tract infections, can increase the risk of kidney stones.
Certain drugs, like diuretics and excessive amounts of vitamin D and calcium, as well as antacids with calcium, can contribute to kidney stone formation.
Kidney stones can form when the body fails to process minerals properly due to hormonal imbalances and metabolic disorders. Moreover, people who have undergone gastric bypass surgery or have long-term digestive disorders may also have altered nutrient absorption, which makes them more likely to develop kidney stones.
If kidney stones are suspected, your doctor will need a confirmed kidney stone diagnosis with detailed information, such as the size and location of the stone.
Commonly recommended tests for kidney stone diagnosis include:
Your doctor will review your medical history, symptoms, and any underlying conditions that may contribute to kidney stones.
A urine test can detect blood, minerals, and infections, providing insight into the composition of kidney stones.
Blood tests can help identify high levels of calcium, uric acid, or other substances that may contribute to kidney stone formation.
Kidney stone treatment depends on the kidney stone type, size, and severity of symptoms. Common options available for kidney stone treatment include:
If the kidney stone is too large or causes significant pain, medical intervention may be necessary.
Preventing kidney stones involves making lifestyle and dietary changes to reduce the risk of stones. Here are some key prevention strategies:
Drinking at least 2-3 litres of water daily helps dilute urine and prevent mineral buildup.
Obesity and metabolic disorders increase the risk of kidney stones. Regular exercise and a balanced diet can help prevent stone formation.
Consult your doctor before taking high doses of calcium, vitamin D, or other supplements that could contribute to kidney stone formation.
If you have a history of kidney stones, routine checkups with a urologist can help manage risk factors.
Kidney stones are a painful yet manageable condition with proper kidney stone treatment and preventive measures. Understanding kidney stone causes, symptoms, and available treatment options can help individuals take proactive steps to maintain kidney health.
Millions of individuals globally suffer from prediabetes, a dangerous and unnoticeable illness. It happens when your blood glucose is elevated compared to the standard range. However, it hasn't reached the stage of being identified as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or type 2 diabetes.
Recognising the early signs of prediabetes can help prevent or delay the progression to type 2 diabetes. Whether you're looking for information for yourself or a loved one, knowing these symptoms—and responding to them promptly—can make all the difference.
If you are experiencing signs of prediabetes, consider visiting HCG Hospitals, a leading multispeciality hospital in India for comprehensive diabetic care.
A study from 2021 has estimated that India had 101 million people with diabetes and 136 million people with prediabetes.
The prevalence of prediabetes was slightly higher in urban areas, which stood at 15.4%, than in rural areas, which stood at 15.2%.
Early identification and treatment are essential in India, where there is a high prevalence of diabetes, one of the highest in the world.
Prediabetes is a condition that may not show symptoms. Therefore, it is often referred to as a "silent" disease.
Nevertheless, there exist some initial signs or symptoms that one should never overlook. Here are some of the most common indicators:
Feeling tired all the time for no valid reason may indicate a problem with sugar levels in the body.
Constant tiredness in prediabetics can occur for the following reasons:
Those who have prediabetes might have constant fatigue that impairs their ability to focus, productivity, and overall quality of life.
Example: You’ve had your coffee, got 8 hours of sleep, but still feel drained by midday—this persistent fatigue could be more than just stress.
High blood sugar levels can cause the lens to swell, causing distorted vision. This condition can also cause damage to blood vessels in the eyes, which leads to fluid leakage, tissue detachment, and new blood vessel growth, all of which can cause the vision to become blurry.
A blurry vision that is intermittent and affects either one or both eyes could indicate prediabetes and an increased risk of diabetes.
Example: If you notice difficulty reading your phone screen or street signs, and your vision improves and worsens frequently, it’s worth getting your blood sugar checked.
When blood sugar is high, wounds take longer to heal, and there is a risk of infection. This includes slow healing of minor cuts and bruises as well as increased infections, such as those related to skin, gums, or the urinary tract.
Example: A minor kitchen cut that takes weeks to heal or recurrent yeast infections might be your body’s way of alerting you to elevated glucose levels.
Acanthosis nigricans is a skin disorder that causes thick, dark patches of skin to form in the folds and creases of the body, especially in the neck, armpits, elbows, and knees. It is frequently linked to insulin resistance, which is one of the main signs of prediabetes.
Example: If you notice these patches developing and they don’t lighten with exfoliation or creams, it could indicate insulin sensitivity problems.
One of the body’s natural reactions to high blood sugar is to flush it out through urine. This leads to increased urination, which in turn causes dehydration and excessive thirst. These symptoms often go hand in hand.
Example: If you find yourself waking up multiple times during the night to urinate or constantly needing water, these could be early signs of prediabetes.
Insulin resistance hampers glucose utilisation for energy and promotes lipogenesis. As a result, affected individuals often experience weight problems, which may manifest as abdominal obesity or failure of weight loss strategies even with dietary control as well as physical exercise.
Example: Despite following a balanced diet and being physically active, you’re still gaining weight or unable to shed extra pounds.
Nerve damage, which is common in diabetic patients, may start before diabetes. Prickling, insensitivity, or a burning feeling in hands and feet could mean that there is some neuropathy due to elevated hyperglycemia.
Example: You wake up with numb fingers or feel a tingling sensation in your feet after sitting—this shouldn’t be brushed off.
If your body cannot use insulin well, you will always feel hungry even after meals and want to eat sweet or starchy food.
Example: You had a full meal, but you’re reaching for a cookie an hour later—this could be linked to fluctuating blood glucose levels.
If you’re experiencing any combination of these symptoms, it’s crucial to act early. Here's how:
Prediabetes is a wake-up call, not a life sentence. If you see fatigue, unclear sight, or some dark spots on the skin, you should understand that it’s high time for you to do something and prevent the occurrence of diabetes. By paying attention to these symptoms and taking proactive steps, like visiting a nearby hospital for a diagnosis, you can safeguard your health.
